The characteristic histologic features of MTS are hippocampal volume loss and gliosis. Our ablation device can be used as an effective and safe tool to plan, monitor and treat solid tumors in small animals and to test new anti-cancer drugs in preclinical studies.Mesial temporal sclerosis (MTS) is the second most common histopathologic diagnosis in pediatric patients with drug-resident focal epilepsy. The displacement between the centers of the necrotic lesion formed and planned for treatment was about 1 mm in the focal plane and about 2 mm in the axial plane. The targeting accuracy in the focal and axial planes was found to be respectively about 98% and 86% when determined from photos and about 88% and 76% when determined from MR images. Lesions formed were compared with those intended for treatment using various visualization methods and displacement between their centers were determined. Cylindrical necrotic lesions of various size were created by moving the chamber using a computer-controlled precise positioning unit. HIFU beams with selected acoustic parameters, generated by a singe-element bowl-shaped 64-mm HIFU transducer operating at 1.08 MHz or 3.21 MHz frequency, were propagated in two-layer media: water-tissue (50 mm-40 mm) and focused at 12.6-mm depth below the tissue surface. The objective of this study was to assess the targeting accuracy of our device in the focal and axial plane of the HIFU beam using ex vivo tissue embedded in a reference cylindrical chamber inside which a coaxial cylindrical volume with a smaller diameter was ablated. Before this device is used to treat animals, experimental studies on ex vivo tissues were necessary to assess the accuracy of its targeting, ensuring the safety of therapy. We have designed and built low-cost compact ultrasound imaging-guided robotic HIFU (High-Intensity Focused Ultrasound) ablation device for thermal damage of solid tumors in small animals.

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